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Another favorite of classic rock radio stations along with "Another
Brick part 2" and "Comfortably Numb", "Hey You" introduces the second
half of the album using all of the pain and disorientation on which
the first half was built. Whether it is a satisfactory opening
for the second half or not is still very debatable. I'll get into my
personal qualms about the song's placement in the album in a paragraph
or two.
The story recommences with the well-known, fragile sounding riff played
on a reverb-laden twelve-string guitar. It seems only fitting that this
second half begins with the haunting echoes of a singular guitar riff
mirroring the expansive void of Pink's inner world after the completion
of his wall, his lone voice reverberating against his unfilled life
unable to fill the vast space. While "In the Flesh?" announced Pink's
birth into life (and into the album) with thundering drums and wailing
guitars, our hero's (or anti-hero's) delivery into his new disassociated
world is heralded with as little commotion as possible. A fretless bass
finally joins the delicate guitar before giving way to Pink's solitary
voice, at long last alone behind his wall. Paralleling his sudden realization
of his expansive surroundings, the music rarely shifts out of its subdued
tone, only breaking free once in the middle at the onslaught of another
of Gilmour's fiery guitar solos before falling back to the same hollow
riff of the twelve-string guitar.
The song's lyrics aren't too hard to explicate once Pink's setting
and frame of mind are considered. As Waters states in an interview,
Pink is "behind the wall a) symbolically and b) he's locked in a hotel
room, with a broken window that looks onto the freeway." Trapped behind
a colossal structure made from the pain and repressed emotions of his
life, Pink searches in desperation for anything, be it a way out, a
fissure through which he might reconnect with the outside world, or
simply a willing person on the other side who might listen to his pleas.
Accordingly, most of the song's lyrics reflect
this search. What makes the lyrics interesting, at least for me, are
the nuances laced within Pink's cries. Although he is taking a step
forward psychologically by finally turning to the outside world for
help (although it might be too late), it's interesting to see how Pink's
nihilistic thoughts are projected onto the very world and people whose
help he seeks. In the first line he asks for support from "lonely" people
who are living in a "cold" world, a state paralleling his own. The next
line addresses those who are slowly realizing the reality of life behind
their "fading smiles," (coupled with the "aisles," this is a possible
reference to his own concert-goers eager for the show), a line that
is reminiscent of the harsh understandings of "In The Flesh?" and "The
Thin Ice." A few lines down Pink cries out to one "sitting naked by
the phone" and one with "your ear against the wall." Once again, both
lines are implicative of Pink's personal predicament if we recall his
earlier attempts to phone his adulterous wife while curled up on his
bed or, even now, his own ears pressed to his wall waiting for someone
to call out and rescue him. Even in his attempts to reach out, Pink
ultimately reverts back to his former egoism by projecting himself onto
the world all around him. Furthermore, his cries for someone to "feel"
and "touch" him are interesting in that these are things Pink was never
able to do in his life. He built his wall out of the fear of feeling
and out of his paranoia of being emotionally touched, of leaving his
psyche vulnerable to the whims of the world. Such hypocrisy further
delineates Pink as more an anti-Christ rather than a Christ figure.
While it was Jesus' golden rule to "do unto others as you would have
others do unto you," Pink pleads for others to do unto him what he has
hitherto been unwilling to do for
others. Yet interestingly enough, he continues to cast himself in this
afflicted role, asking those who are listening not to "help them to
bury the light," a symbol that takes on Christ-like significance when
read in conjunction with certain New Testament writings comparing Jesus
to the light of the world. Even if this isn't a religious allusion,
it certainly is a literary one. Light is most often used as a symbol
of truth throughout most of the world's literature. What's interesting
is that Pink never does specify what truth he is referencing in this
line. Even if he did, it would more likely than not be ironic in that
he is far from seeing the "Truth" of the world after being blinded by
his own misery and self-proclaimed martyrdom for so long. A slightly
more optimistic view might see Pink as finally realizing the error of
his ways in the brief time that his wall has been finished. And so his
request for help carrying "the stone" (a symbol of overwhelming burdens
since the myth of Sisyphus) could be either heartfelt or narrow-sighted,
depending on one's view of the world and our protagonist. As I've said
countless times before, it's debatable, especially when considering
the song's position on the album. But we'll get to that in a minute.
Just before launching into the guitar solo, Pink asks for the unnamed
listener (that is if anyone IS listening…his wife, his mother, or even
us?) to "open your heart, I'm coming home." Once again, he is asking
those outside the wall to do what he never could. Many people in Pink's
life (his wife comes to mind) have tried to find a place in his heart
only to be shunned and alienated. Yet at the moment he feels the most
danger of being consumed by his own creation, Pink asks to be let into
the hearts and lives of his listeners. As before, the line between sincere
remorse and insular egoism is blurred, leaving the last lyric just as
difficult to pin down as those preceding it. One
reading might interpret this last line before the guitar solo in a literal
fashion with Pink longing to return to either the watchful care of his
mother in his childhood home or to return back to his home to his wife.
Another reading might view "home" under a more metaphorical light, thinking
that Pink wishes to regress back to his childhood, back to where it
all began, so that he might start over and see where things went wrong.
Such a reading is based largely on the idea that one can only progress
by learning from the past. For Pink to progress, he must first regress
and comprehend the people, the events, and most importantly the decisions
that have lead to his current entombmen behind his wall.
Almost in response to his desire to return to his origins, the guitar
solo ignites, recalling in its very fervor the previous solos reflecting
Pink's emotional outbursts created out of his search for self. Like
the solo in "Another Brick in the Wall Part 2" or "Mother," the lead
guitar in "Hey You" musically conveys Pink's frenzied realizations of
his separation from the world. Yet what draws my attention the most
is the rhythm guitar in the background which reverts to the same musical
theme begun in "In The Flesh?" and repeated throughout many songs on
the album. For example, listening to the background guitar in "Hey You"
and then the verse vocals in "Another Brick 2" ("we don't need no education")
might help one to identify this musical theme upon which much of the
album is based. What's interesting about this to me is that it is a
musical reversion back to album's beginning with "In The Flesh?" seemingly
sparked by Pink's declaration of psychologically returning to the beginning.
Just as the guitar solo reflects Pink's ongoing search for self, the
rhythm guitar mirrors his attempts to rediscover
his origins by literally returning to the musical theme from the very
beginning of the album.
At this point the narrative voice (be it Life or the narrator himself)
interrupts the story to summarize the story thus far. Pink's resolutions
and his belief that he had or would contact someone on the outside were
"only fantasy" for "the wall was too high." The wall was fulfilling
its responsibility of keeping the outside out and the inside in and,
as a result, "the worms ate into his brain." Although
the worm symbolism was briefly introduced during the sequence for "Another
Brick In The Wall Part 3," "Hey You" marks its lyrical introduction
into the album. Roger Waters stated it best in his 1979 interview when
he said, "[the worms] were my symbolic representation of decay." Isolation
leads to a sort of metaphorical death (Pink's in "Goodbye Cruel World")
which in turn leads to decay on nearly all levels be they physical,
mental, spiritual, or emotional. Once again mirroring the metaphorical
events of the story through music, the introduction of the worms in
the lyrics gives way to the incessant humming and buzzing superimposed
over the haunting guitar riff, the aural reflections of a horde of metaphorical
worms and maggots feeding on Pink's decaying self.
Despite the listener's knowledge of Pink's futile fantasies of reconnection,
Pink cries out for a sympathetic ear, openly asking for help rather
than masking his needs behind his desires to be "felt" and "touched"
as in the first few verses. Nevertheless it seems that he has finally
realized what the narrator has already told the listener, that "there's
no hope at all." Despite his claim that "together we stand, divided
we fall," such a claim is more ironic than anything else considering
that this maxim is far from the way Pink has lived his life thus far.
If anything, Pink has lived by the belief that together we fall and
alone we stand. How else would he be able to justify the completion
of his wall?
Almost to reiterate such a nihilistic idea, "we fall" is echoed over
the last chords of the song as if reverberated through the void from
Pink's wall. Not only is such a repetition reflective of Pink's current
state but it also foreshadows the eventual fate of the wall itself.
When he cries out the last line, it's as if the bricks answer back with
"we fall, we fall, we fall" in response to the first half of the line.
And so it's as if Pink yells out the solution to his problem, the key
to tearing down his wall, in one relatively overlooked line. The bricks
fall when "together we stand." Yet being that he doesn't believe the
proverb he has just declared, asserting it more in an attempt to convince
himself (or Life or God or Fate) that he believes this, Pink's wall
will remain standing until he realizes and experiences the importance
of the words he has just uttered.
By now you're probably wondering about those aforementioned problems
I have with "Hey You." While I think the song is extraordinary and well
crafted, I think it's a bit misplaced in its positioning on the album.
Waters once recounted how Bob Ezrin called him, remarking how the third
side of the album just wasn't right. "I thought about it and in a couple
of minutes I realized that 'Hey You' could conceptually go anywhere,
and it would make a much better side if we put it at the front of the
side, and sandwiched the middle theatrical scene, with the guy in the
hotel room, between an attempt to re-establish contact with the outside
world, which is what 'Hey You' is" (Waters, 1979 Interview). The idea
of "sandwiching" the theatrical scenes is certainly interesting and
the music of "Hey You" flows seamlessly with "Is There Anybody Out There?"
and the rest of the album. However I'm not convinced that it flows "conceptually,"
as Waters put it. Going from the Pink in "Goodbye Cruel World" who is
resolute in his need for isolation to the Pink in "Hey You" who is suddenly
filled with the realization
of his errors is a bit too much of a conceptual leap for me. There has
been no growth, no personal experience that would warrant such a sudden
shift in his personality. Yet the narrative dissonance is further complicated
with the succeeding "Is There Anybody Out There?" a tune which presents
a Pink far more akin to the "I don't need no arms around me" Pink from
"Another Brick 3" and "Goodbye Cruel World." Although he does ask if
there's "anybody out there," his asking is very indifferent, especially
when compared to the manic need for help as seen in "Hey You." Simply
put, Pink goes from vehement indifference ("Another Brick 3" / "Goodbye
Cruel World") to unhindered concern ("Hey You") back to tepid indifference
("Is There Anybody Out There" and to some extent, "Nobody Home). "Hey
You " works well musically in its current position yet, in my opinion,
is too disjointed in terms of the complete narrative. Hence I completely
understand why the film sequences for the song were left on the cutting
room floor. Despite its absence from the film, though, I am able to
offer an analysis of the cinematic sequences thanks to the power of
the almighty DVD features!
If the sudden switch in tone between "Goodbye Cruel World" and "Hey
You" was not enough to warrant the latter song's excision from the film,
watching the corresponding footage should justify why the song was removed
from the movie. For the most part, the majority of the video sequences
shot for each song advance the story in some degree, whether they further
the actual narrative or simply add depth to Pink's splintering psyche.
The footage for "Hey You," however, accomplishes little if any of
these and at times is so heavy-handed that it seems as if parts of it
were lifted from a cliché-ridden art house video.
The song begins with a close up of the bricks in Pink's wall before
panning back to show Pink, nearly in the buff, clawing for a way out.
The scene then shifts to pan over the blank faces of Pink's concert-goers,
each one alike in their vacant expressions. Though we never see Pink
on stage, it's as if he's singing his pleas out to the audience, to
those "standing in the aisles" as mentioned above. Next is a panoramic
shot of a row of empty infirmary beds often seen in World War II movies
followed by a long shot of two empty chairs set against a white wall.
Pink fades into one chair, motionless, and after a short time, his nude
wife fades into the other before turning to look at her motionless husband.
For me, this is one of those aforementioned heavy-handed moments in
which the "symbolism" is so thick that you could trip over it. The chairs,
set at opposite sides of the wall, mirror the distance between Pink
and the rest of the world (especially his wife). Furthermore, the wife
is depicted nude most likely to show how Pink sees her (and possibly
women as a whole) as adulterous harlots concerned only with themselves.
She fades out of the chair as Pink sings, "I'm coming home," and the
shot quickly shifts to a car exploding as the guitar solo begins. From
there, a multitude of rioting scenes takes the screen, alternating between
a crowd of mostly skinheads tipping
over cars and throwing Molitov cocktails to the police adorned in full
riot gear.
As the narrative voice sings about Pink's wall being too high the scene
shifts to a hand (presumably Pink's) clawing at the inside of some entombing
container followed by a close up of seething maggots corresponding with
the metaphorical worms eating into Pink's brain (the same shot from
the "Another Brick in the Wall, part 3" montage). A close
up of a man in a hospital bed (reminiscent of the WWII movie "Johnny
Got His Gun") with a superimposed woman screaming over the image gives
way to a close up of a fire started in the previously depicted riots.
Following is a long shot of a line of policemen silhouetted by the fire
marching in unison in their riot gear. A line of rioters throw flaming
debris from the other side while forming a pile with mattresses and
desks, a scene reminiscentl of the bonfire in "Another Brick In the
Wall part 2." Finally, the shot of policemen marching changes back to
the beginning shot of Pink against his wall searching for a chink, a
hole, a way out.
Being that the song essentially finishes where it starts with Pink
against his wall and that all of the footage in between is either extraneous
or used in other songs, it seems that cutting the song from the film
was the obvious choice. Relatively nothing is added to the narrative
flow or to viewer's perceptions of Pink. "Goodbye Cruel World"
showed Pink in this same symbolic posture against his wall as does the
beginning of "Is There Anybody Out There?" While the shots of the riot
spark thoughts about Pink's own dichotomous sides and his own internal
rioting (his rebellious "One of My Turns" side warring against the more
rational Pink that finally steps forward in "The Trial"), these scenes
are nonessential in that they reiterate ideas that arose in previous
songs. Some of these same rioting shots were used in earlier sequences
such as in the frenzied collage from "Another Brick In the Wall Part
3." Likewise, the worm symbolism was presented earlier as was Pink's
attitude towards his wife's adultery. While the song itself is amazing,
the footage is not, especially when viewed alongside the rest of the
movie. Thankfully it was cut, creating a more harmonious bridge between
Pink's entombment in "Goodbye Cruel World" and the slow realization
of the effects of such absolute disconnection in "Is There Anybody Out
There?" and the subsequent songs.

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